misc.hh

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2008 The Hewlett-Packard Development Company
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * The license below extends only to copyright in the software and shall
 * not be construed as granting a license to any other intellectual
 * property including but not limited to intellectual property relating
 * to a hardware implementation of the functionality of the software
 * licensed hereunder.  You may use the software subject to the license
 * terms below provided that you ensure that this notice is replicated
 * unmodified and in its entirety in all distributions of the software,
 * modified or unmodified, in source code or in binary form.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
 * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
 * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 * this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
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 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#ifndef __ARCH_X86_MISCREGS_HH__
#define __ARCH_X86_MISCREGS_HH__

#include "arch/x86/regs/segment.hh"
#include "arch/x86/x86_traits.hh"
#include "base/bitunion.hh"
#include "base/logging.hh"

//These get defined in some system headers (at least termbits.h). That confuses
//things here significantly.
#undef CR0
#undef CR2
#undef CR3

namespace X86ISA
{
    enum CondFlagBit {
        CFBit = 1 << 0,
        PFBit = 1 << 2,
        ECFBit = 1 << 3,
        AFBit = 1 << 4,
        EZFBit = 1 << 5,
        ZFBit = 1 << 6,
        SFBit = 1 << 7,
        DFBit = 1 << 10,
        OFBit = 1 << 11
    };

    const uint32_t cfofMask = CFBit | OFBit;
    const uint32_t ccFlagMask = PFBit | AFBit | ZFBit | SFBit;

    enum RFLAGBit {
        TFBit = 1 << 8,
        IFBit = 1 << 9,
        NTBit = 1 << 14,
        RFBit = 1 << 16,
        VMBit = 1 << 17,
        ACBit = 1 << 18,
        VIFBit = 1 << 19,
        VIPBit = 1 << 20,
        IDBit = 1 << 21
    };

    enum X87StatusBit {
        // Exception Flags
        IEBit = 1 << 0,
        DEBit = 1 << 1,
        ZEBit = 1 << 2,
        OEBit = 1 << 3,
        UEBit = 1 << 4,
        PEBit = 1 << 5,

        // !Exception Flags
        StackFaultBit = 1 << 6,
        ErrSummaryBit = 1 << 7,
        CC0Bit = 1 << 8,
        CC1Bit = 1 << 9,
        CC2Bit = 1 << 10,
        CC3Bit = 1 << 14,
        BusyBit = 1 << 15,
    };

    enum MiscRegIndex
    {
        // Control registers
        // Most of these are invalid.  See isValidMiscReg() below.
        MISCREG_CR_BASE,
        MISCREG_CR0 = MISCREG_CR_BASE,
        MISCREG_CR1,
        MISCREG_CR2,
        MISCREG_CR3,
        MISCREG_CR4,
        MISCREG_CR5,
        MISCREG_CR6,
        MISCREG_CR7,
        MISCREG_CR8,
        MISCREG_CR9,
        MISCREG_CR10,
        MISCREG_CR11,
        MISCREG_CR12,
        MISCREG_CR13,
        MISCREG_CR14,
        MISCREG_CR15,

        // Debug registers
        MISCREG_DR_BASE = MISCREG_CR_BASE + NumCRegs,
        MISCREG_DR0 = MISCREG_DR_BASE,
        MISCREG_DR1,
        MISCREG_DR2,
        MISCREG_DR3,
        MISCREG_DR4,
        MISCREG_DR5,
        MISCREG_DR6,
        MISCREG_DR7,

        // Flags register
        MISCREG_RFLAGS = MISCREG_DR_BASE + NumDRegs,

        //Register to keep handy values like the CPU mode in.
        MISCREG_M5_REG,

        /*
         * Model Specific Registers
         */
        // Time stamp counter
        MISCREG_TSC,

        MISCREG_MTRRCAP,

        MISCREG_SYSENTER_CS,
        MISCREG_SYSENTER_ESP,
        MISCREG_SYSENTER_EIP,

        MISCREG_MCG_CAP,
        MISCREG_MCG_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MCG_CTL,

        MISCREG_DEBUG_CTL_MSR,

        MISCREG_LAST_BRANCH_FROM_IP,
        MISCREG_LAST_BRANCH_TO_IP,
        MISCREG_LAST_EXCEPTION_FROM_IP,
        MISCREG_LAST_EXCEPTION_TO_IP,

        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_0 = MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_1,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_2,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_3,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_4,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_5,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_6,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_7,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_END,

        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_BASE = MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_END,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_0 = MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_BASE,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_1,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_2,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_3,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_4,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_5,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_6,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_7,
        MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_END,

        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_64K_00000 = MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_END,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_16K_80000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_16K_A0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_C0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_C8000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_D0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_D8000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_E0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_E8000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_F0000,
        MISCREG_MTRR_FIX_4K_F8000,

        MISCREG_PAT,

        MISCREG_DEF_TYPE,

        MISCREG_MC_CTL_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC0_CTL = MISCREG_MC_CTL_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC1_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC2_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC3_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC4_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC5_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC6_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC7_CTL,
        MISCREG_MC_CTL_END,

        MISCREG_MC_STATUS_BASE = MISCREG_MC_CTL_END,
        MISCREG_MC0_STATUS = MISCREG_MC_STATUS_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC1_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC2_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC3_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC4_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC5_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC6_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC7_STATUS,
        MISCREG_MC_STATUS_END,

        MISCREG_MC_ADDR_BASE = MISCREG_MC_STATUS_END,
        MISCREG_MC0_ADDR = MISCREG_MC_ADDR_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC1_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC2_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC3_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC4_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC5_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC6_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC7_ADDR,
        MISCREG_MC_ADDR_END,

        MISCREG_MC_MISC_BASE = MISCREG_MC_ADDR_END,
        MISCREG_MC0_MISC = MISCREG_MC_MISC_BASE,
        MISCREG_MC1_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC2_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC3_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC4_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC5_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC6_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC7_MISC,
        MISCREG_MC_MISC_END,

        // Extended feature enable register
        MISCREG_EFER = MISCREG_MC_MISC_END,

        MISCREG_STAR,
        MISCREG_LSTAR,
        MISCREG_CSTAR,

        MISCREG_SF_MASK,

        MISCREG_KERNEL_GS_BASE,

        MISCREG_TSC_AUX,

        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_BASE,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL0 = MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_BASE,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL1,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL2,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL3,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_END,

        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_BASE = MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_END,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR0 = MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_BASE,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR1,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR2,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR3,
        MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_END,

        MISCREG_SYSCFG = MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_END,

        MISCREG_IORR_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_IORR_BASE0 = MISCREG_IORR_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_IORR_BASE1,
        MISCREG_IORR_BASE_END,

        MISCREG_IORR_MASK_BASE = MISCREG_IORR_BASE_END,
        MISCREG_IORR_MASK0 = MISCREG_IORR_MASK_BASE,
        MISCREG_IORR_MASK1,
        MISCREG_IORR_MASK_END,

        MISCREG_TOP_MEM = MISCREG_IORR_MASK_END,
        MISCREG_TOP_MEM2,

        MISCREG_VM_CR,
        MISCREG_IGNNE,
        MISCREG_SMM_CTL,
        MISCREG_VM_HSAVE_PA,

        /*
         * Segment registers
         */
        // Segment selectors
        MISCREG_SEG_SEL_BASE,
        MISCREG_ES = MISCREG_SEG_SEL_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS,
        MISCREG_SS,
        MISCREG_DS,
        MISCREG_FS,
        MISCREG_GS,
        MISCREG_HS,
        MISCREG_TSL,
        MISCREG_TSG,
        MISCREG_LS,
        MISCREG_MS,
        MISCREG_TR,
        MISCREG_IDTR,

        // Hidden segment base field
        MISCREG_SEG_BASE_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_SEL_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,
        MISCREG_ES_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS_BASE,
        MISCREG_SS_BASE,
        MISCREG_DS_BASE,
        MISCREG_FS_BASE,
        MISCREG_GS_BASE,
        MISCREG_HS_BASE,
        MISCREG_TSL_BASE,
        MISCREG_TSG_BASE,
        MISCREG_LS_BASE,
        MISCREG_MS_BASE,
        MISCREG_TR_BASE,
        MISCREG_IDTR_BASE,

        // The effective segment base, ie what is actually added to an
        // address. In 64 bit mode this can be different from the above,
        // namely 0.
        MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_BASE_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,
        MISCREG_ES_EFF_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_SS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_DS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_FS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_GS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_HS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_TSL_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_TSG_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_LS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_MS_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_TR_EFF_BASE,
        MISCREG_IDTR_EFF_BASE,

        // Hidden segment limit field
        MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,
        MISCREG_ES_LIMIT = MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_SS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_DS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_FS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_GS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_HS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_TSL_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_TSG_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_LS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_MS_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_TR_LIMIT,
        MISCREG_IDTR_LIMIT,

        // Hidden segment limit attributes
        MISCREG_SEG_ATTR_BASE = MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,
        MISCREG_ES_ATTR = MISCREG_SEG_ATTR_BASE,
        MISCREG_CS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_SS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_DS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_FS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_GS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_HS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_TSL_ATTR,
        MISCREG_TSG_ATTR,
        MISCREG_LS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_MS_ATTR,
        MISCREG_TR_ATTR,
        MISCREG_IDTR_ATTR,

        // Floating point control registers
        MISCREG_X87_TOP =
            MISCREG_SEG_ATTR_BASE + NUM_SEGMENTREGS,

        MISCREG_MXCSR,
        MISCREG_FCW,
        MISCREG_FSW,
        MISCREG_FTW,
        MISCREG_FTAG,
        MISCREG_FISEG,
        MISCREG_FIOFF,
        MISCREG_FOSEG,
        MISCREG_FOOFF,
        MISCREG_FOP,

        //XXX Add "Model-Specific Registers"

        MISCREG_APIC_BASE,

        // "Fake" MSRs for internally implemented devices
        MISCREG_PCI_CONFIG_ADDRESS,

        NUM_MISCREGS
    };

    static inline bool
    isValidMiscReg(int index)
    {
        return (index >= MISCREG_CR0 && index < NUM_MISCREGS &&
                index != MISCREG_CR1 &&
                !(index > MISCREG_CR4 && index < MISCREG_CR8) &&
                !(index > MISCREG_CR8 && index <= MISCREG_CR15));
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_CR(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < NumCRegs);
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_CR_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_DR(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < NumDRegs);
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_DR_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_END -
                                      MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_BASE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_END -
                                      MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MTRR_PHYS_MASK_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MC_CTL(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_MC_CTL_END -
                                      MISCREG_MC_CTL_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MC_CTL_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MC_STATUS(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_MC_STATUS_END -
                                      MISCREG_MC_STATUS_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MC_STATUS_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MC_ADDR(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_MC_ADDR_END -
                                      MISCREG_MC_ADDR_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MC_ADDR_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_MC_MISC(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_MC_MISC_END -
                                      MISCREG_MC_MISC_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_MC_MISC_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_END -
                                      MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_PERF_EVT_SEL_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_END -
                                      MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_PERF_EVT_CTR_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_IORR_BASE(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_IORR_BASE_END -
                                      MISCREG_IORR_BASE_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_IORR_BASE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_IORR_MASK(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < (MISCREG_IORR_MASK_END -
                                      MISCREG_IORR_MASK_BASE));
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_IORR_MASK_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_SEL(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < NUM_SEGMENTREGS);
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_SEL_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_BASE(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < NUM_SEGMENTREGS);
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_BASE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < NUM_SEGMENTREGS);
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < NUM_SEGMENTREGS);
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT_BASE + index);
    }

    static inline MiscRegIndex
    MISCREG_SEG_ATTR(int index)
    {
        assert(index >= 0 && index < NUM_SEGMENTREGS);
        return (MiscRegIndex)(MISCREG_SEG_ATTR_BASE + index);
    }

    BitUnion64(CCFlagBits)
        Bitfield<11> of;
        Bitfield<7> sf;
        Bitfield<6> zf;
        Bitfield<5> ezf;
        Bitfield<4> af;
        Bitfield<3> ecf;
        Bitfield<2> pf;
        Bitfield<0> cf;
    EndBitUnion(CCFlagBits)

    
    BitUnion64(RFLAGS)
        Bitfield<21> id; // ID Flag
        Bitfield<20> vip; // Virtual Interrupt Pending
        Bitfield<19> vif; // Virtual Interrupt Flag
        Bitfield<18> ac; // Alignment Check
        Bitfield<17> vm; // Virtual-8086 Mode
        Bitfield<16> rf; // Resume Flag
        Bitfield<14> nt; // Nested Task
        Bitfield<13, 12> iopl; // I/O Privilege Level
        Bitfield<11> of; // Overflow Flag
        Bitfield<10> df; // Direction Flag
        Bitfield<9> intf; // Interrupt Flag
        Bitfield<8> tf; // Trap Flag
        Bitfield<7> sf; // Sign Flag
        Bitfield<6> zf; // Zero Flag
        Bitfield<4> af; // Auxiliary Flag
        Bitfield<2> pf; // Parity Flag
        Bitfield<0> cf; // Carry Flag
    EndBitUnion(RFLAGS)

    BitUnion64(HandyM5Reg)
        Bitfield<0> mode;
        Bitfield<3, 1> submode;
        Bitfield<5, 4> cpl;
        Bitfield<6> paging;
        Bitfield<7> prot;
        Bitfield<9, 8> defOp;
        Bitfield<11, 10> altOp;
        Bitfield<13, 12> defAddr;
        Bitfield<15, 14> altAddr;
        Bitfield<17, 16> stack;
    EndBitUnion(HandyM5Reg)

    
    BitUnion64(CR0)
        Bitfield<31> pg; // Paging
        Bitfield<30> cd; // Cache Disable
        Bitfield<29> nw; // Not Writethrough
        Bitfield<18> am; // Alignment Mask
        Bitfield<16> wp; // Write Protect
        Bitfield<5> ne; // Numeric Error
        Bitfield<4> et; // Extension Type
        Bitfield<3> ts; // Task Switched
        Bitfield<2> em; // Emulation
        Bitfield<1> mp; // Monitor Coprocessor
        Bitfield<0> pe; // Protection Enabled
    EndBitUnion(CR0)

    // Page Fault Virtual Address
    BitUnion64(CR2)
        Bitfield<31, 0> legacy;
    EndBitUnion(CR2)

    BitUnion64(CR3)
        Bitfield<51, 12> longPdtb; // Long Mode Page-Directory-Table
                                   // Base Address
        Bitfield<31, 12> pdtb; // Non-PAE Addressing Page-Directory-Table
                               // Base Address
        Bitfield<31, 5> paePdtb; // PAE Addressing Page-Directory-Table
                                 // Base Address
        Bitfield<4> pcd; // Page-Level Cache Disable
        Bitfield<3> pwt; // Page-Level Writethrough
    EndBitUnion(CR3)

    BitUnion64(CR4)
        Bitfield<18> osxsave; // Enable XSAVE and Proc Extended States
        Bitfield<16> fsgsbase; // Enable RDFSBASE, RDGSBASE, WRFSBASE,
                               // WRGSBASE instructions
        Bitfield<10> osxmmexcpt; // Operating System Unmasked
                                 // Exception Support
        Bitfield<9> osfxsr; // Operating System FXSave/FSRSTOR Support
        Bitfield<8> pce; // Performance-Monitoring Counter Enable
        Bitfield<7> pge; // Page-Global Enable
        Bitfield<6> mce; // Machine Check Enable
        Bitfield<5> pae; // Physical-Address Extension
        Bitfield<4> pse; // Page Size Extensions
        Bitfield<3> de; // Debugging Extensions
        Bitfield<2> tsd; // Time Stamp Disable
        Bitfield<1> pvi; // Protected-Mode Virtual Interrupts
        Bitfield<0> vme; // Virtual-8086 Mode Extensions
    EndBitUnion(CR4)

    BitUnion64(CR8)
        Bitfield<3, 0> tpr; // Task Priority Register
    EndBitUnion(CR8)

    BitUnion64(DR6)
        Bitfield<0> b0;
        Bitfield<1> b1;
        Bitfield<2> b2;
        Bitfield<3> b3;
        Bitfield<13> bd;
        Bitfield<14> bs;
        Bitfield<15> bt;
    EndBitUnion(DR6)

    BitUnion64(DR7)
        Bitfield<0> l0;
        Bitfield<1> g0;
        Bitfield<2> l1;
        Bitfield<3> g1;
        Bitfield<4> l2;
        Bitfield<5> g2;
        Bitfield<6> l3;
        Bitfield<7> g3;
        Bitfield<8> le;
        Bitfield<9> ge;
        Bitfield<13> gd;
        Bitfield<17, 16> rw0;
        Bitfield<19, 18> len0;
        Bitfield<21, 20> rw1;
        Bitfield<23, 22> len1;
        Bitfield<25, 24> rw2;
        Bitfield<27, 26> len2;
        Bitfield<29, 28> rw3;
        Bitfield<31, 30> len3;
    EndBitUnion(DR7)

    // MTRR capabilities
    BitUnion64(MTRRcap)
        Bitfield<7, 0> vcnt; // Variable-Range Register Count
        Bitfield<8> fix; // Fixed-Range Registers
        Bitfield<10> wc; // Write-Combining
    EndBitUnion(MTRRcap)

    BitUnion64(SysenterCS)
        Bitfield<15, 0> targetCS;
    EndBitUnion(SysenterCS)

    BitUnion64(SysenterESP)
        Bitfield<31, 0> targetESP;
    EndBitUnion(SysenterESP)

    BitUnion64(SysenterEIP)
        Bitfield<31, 0> targetEIP;
    EndBitUnion(SysenterEIP)

    BitUnion64(McgCap)
        Bitfield<7, 0> count; // Number of error reporting register banks
        Bitfield<8> MCGCP; // MCG_CTL register present.
    EndBitUnion(McgCap)

    BitUnion64(McgStatus)
        Bitfield<0> ripv; // Restart-IP valid
        Bitfield<1> eipv; // Error-IP valid
        Bitfield<2> mcip; // Machine check in-progress
    EndBitUnion(McgStatus)

    BitUnion64(DebugCtlMsr)
        Bitfield<0> lbr; // Last-branch record
        Bitfield<1> btf; // Branch single step
        Bitfield<2> pb0; // Performance monitoring pin control 0
        Bitfield<3> pb1; // Performance monitoring pin control 1
        Bitfield<4> pb2; // Performance monitoring pin control 2
        Bitfield<5> pb3; // Performance monitoring pin control 3
        /*uint64_t pb(int index)
        {
            return bits(__data, index + 2);
        }*/
    EndBitUnion(DebugCtlMsr)

    BitUnion64(MtrrPhysBase)
        Bitfield<7, 0> type; // Default memory type
        Bitfield<51, 12> physbase; // Range physical base address
    EndBitUnion(MtrrPhysBase)

    BitUnion64(MtrrPhysMask)
        Bitfield<11> valid; // MTRR pair enable
        Bitfield<51, 12> physmask; // Range physical mask
    EndBitUnion(MtrrPhysMask)

    BitUnion64(MtrrFixed)
        /*uint64_t type(int index)
        {
            return bits(__data, index * 8 + 7, index * 8);
        }*/
    EndBitUnion(MtrrFixed)

    BitUnion64(Pat)
        /*uint64_t pa(int index)
        {
            return bits(__data, index * 8 + 2, index * 8);
        }*/
    EndBitUnion(Pat)

    BitUnion64(MtrrDefType)
        Bitfield<7, 0> type; // Default type
        Bitfield<10> fe; // Fixed range enable
        Bitfield<11> e; // MTRR enable
    EndBitUnion(MtrrDefType)

    BitUnion64(McStatus)
        Bitfield<15,0> mcaErrorCode;
        Bitfield<31,16> modelSpecificCode;
        Bitfield<56,32> otherInfo;
        Bitfield<57> pcc; // Processor-context corrupt
        Bitfield<58> addrv; // Error-address register valid
        Bitfield<59> miscv; // Miscellaneous-error register valid
        Bitfield<60> en; // Error condition enabled
        Bitfield<61> uc; // Uncorrected error
        Bitfield<62> over; // Status register overflow
        Bitfield<63> val; // Valid
    EndBitUnion(McStatus)

    BitUnion64(McCtl)
        /*uint64_t en(int index)
        {
            return bits(__data, index);
        }*/
    EndBitUnion(McCtl)

    // Extended feature enable register
    BitUnion64(Efer)
        Bitfield<0> sce; // System call extensions
        Bitfield<8> lme; // Long mode enable
        Bitfield<10> lma; // Long mode active
        Bitfield<11> nxe; // No-execute enable
        Bitfield<12> svme; // Secure virtual machine enable
        Bitfield<14> ffxsr; // Fast fxsave/fxrstor
    EndBitUnion(Efer)

    BitUnion64(Star)
        Bitfield<31,0> targetEip;
        Bitfield<47,32> syscallCsAndSs;
        Bitfield<63,48> sysretCsAndSs;
    EndBitUnion(Star)

    BitUnion64(SfMask)
        Bitfield<31,0> mask;
    EndBitUnion(SfMask)

    BitUnion64(PerfEvtSel)
        Bitfield<7,0> eventMask;
        Bitfield<15,8> unitMask;
        Bitfield<16> usr; // User mode
        Bitfield<17> os; // Operating-system mode
        Bitfield<18> e; // Edge detect
        Bitfield<19> pc; // Pin control
        Bitfield<20> intEn; // Interrupt enable
        Bitfield<22> en; // Counter enable
        Bitfield<23> inv; // Invert mask
        Bitfield<31,24> counterMask;
    EndBitUnion(PerfEvtSel)

    BitUnion32(Syscfg)
        Bitfield<18> mfde; // MtrrFixDramEn
        Bitfield<19> mfdm; // MtrrFixDramModEn
        Bitfield<20> mvdm; // MtrrVarDramEn
        Bitfield<21> tom2; // MtrrTom2En
    EndBitUnion(Syscfg)

    BitUnion64(IorrBase)
        Bitfield<3> wr; // WrMem Enable
        Bitfield<4> rd; // RdMem Enable
        Bitfield<51,12> physbase; // Range physical base address
    EndBitUnion(IorrBase)

    BitUnion64(IorrMask)
        Bitfield<11> v; // I/O register pair enable (valid)
        Bitfield<51,12> physmask; // Range physical mask
    EndBitUnion(IorrMask)

    BitUnion64(Tom)
        Bitfield<51,23> physAddr; // Top of memory physical address
    EndBitUnion(Tom)

    BitUnion64(VmCrMsr)
        Bitfield<0> dpd;
        Bitfield<1> rInit;
        Bitfield<2> disA20M;
    EndBitUnion(VmCrMsr)

    BitUnion64(IgnneMsr)
        Bitfield<0> ignne;
    EndBitUnion(IgnneMsr)

    BitUnion64(SmmCtlMsr)
        Bitfield<0> dismiss;
        Bitfield<1> enter;
        Bitfield<2> smiCycle;
        Bitfield<3> exit;
        Bitfield<4> rsmCycle;
    EndBitUnion(SmmCtlMsr)

    BitUnion64(SegSelector)
        // The following bitfield is not defined in the ISA, but it's useful
        // when checking selectors in larger data types to make sure they
        // aren't too large.
        Bitfield<63, 3> esi; // Extended selector
        Bitfield<15, 3> si; // Selector Index
        Bitfield<2> ti; // Table Indicator
        Bitfield<1, 0> rpl; // Requestor Privilege Level
    EndBitUnion(SegSelector)

    class SegDescriptorBase
    {
      public:
        uint32_t
        getter(const uint64_t &storage) const
        {
            return (bits(storage, 63, 56) << 24) | bits(storage, 39, 16);
        }

        void
        setter(uint64_t &storage, uint32_t base)
        {
            replaceBits(storage, 63, 56, bits(base, 31, 24));
            replaceBits(storage, 39, 16, bits(base, 23, 0));
        }
    };

    class SegDescriptorLimit
    {
      public:
        uint32_t
        getter(const uint64_t &storage) const
        {
            uint32_t limit = (bits(storage, 51, 48) << 16) |
                             bits(storage, 15, 0);
            if (bits(storage, 55))
                limit = (limit << 12) | mask(12);
            return limit;
        }

        void
        setter(uint64_t &storage, uint32_t limit)
        {
            bool g = (bits(limit, 31, 24) != 0);
            panic_if(g && bits(limit, 11, 0) != mask(12),
                     "Inlimitid segment limit %#x", limit);
            if (g)
                limit = limit >> 12;
            replaceBits(storage, 51, 48, bits(limit, 23, 16));
            replaceBits(storage, 15, 0, bits(limit, 15, 0));
            replaceBits(storage, 55, g ? 1 : 0);
        }
    };

    BitUnion64(SegDescriptor)
        Bitfield<63, 56> baseHigh;
        Bitfield<39, 16> baseLow;
        BitfieldType<SegDescriptorBase> base;
        Bitfield<55> g; // Granularity
        Bitfield<54> d; // Default Operand Size
        Bitfield<54> b; // Default Operand Size
        Bitfield<53> l; // Long Attribute Bit
        Bitfield<52> avl; // Available To Software
        Bitfield<51, 48> limitHigh;
        Bitfield<15, 0> limitLow;
        BitfieldType<SegDescriptorLimit> limit;
        Bitfield<47> p; // Present
        Bitfield<46, 45> dpl; // Descriptor Privilege-Level
        Bitfield<44> s; // System
        SubBitUnion(type, 43, 40)
            // Specifies whether this descriptor is for code or data.
            Bitfield<43> codeOrData;

            // These bit fields are for code segments
            Bitfield<42> c; // Conforming
            Bitfield<41> r; // Readable

            // These bit fields are for data segments
            Bitfield<42> e; // Expand-Down
            Bitfield<41> w; // Writable

            // This is used for both code and data segments.
            Bitfield<40> a; // Accessed
        EndSubBitUnion(type)
    EndBitUnion(SegDescriptor)

    BitUnion64(TSSlow)
        Bitfield<63, 56> baseHigh;
        Bitfield<39, 16> baseLow;
        BitfieldType<SegDescriptorBase> base;
        Bitfield<55> g; // Granularity
        Bitfield<52> avl; // Available To Software
        Bitfield<51, 48> limitHigh;
        Bitfield<15, 0> limitLow;
        BitfieldType<SegDescriptorLimit> limit;
        Bitfield<47> p; // Present
        Bitfield<46, 45> dpl; // Descriptor Privilege-Level
        SubBitUnion(type, 43, 40)
            // Specifies whether this descriptor is for code or data.
            Bitfield<43> codeOrData;

            // These bit fields are for code segments
            Bitfield<42> c; // Conforming
            Bitfield<41> r; // Readable

            // These bit fields are for data segments
            Bitfield<42> e; // Expand-Down
            Bitfield<41> w; // Writable

            // This is used for both code and data segments.
            Bitfield<40> a; // Accessed
        EndSubBitUnion(type)
    EndBitUnion(TSSlow)

    BitUnion64(TSShigh)
        Bitfield<31, 0> base;
    EndBitUnion(TSShigh)

    BitUnion64(SegAttr)
        Bitfield<1, 0> dpl;
        Bitfield<2> unusable;
        Bitfield<3> defaultSize;
        Bitfield<4> longMode;
        Bitfield<5> avl;
        Bitfield<6> granularity;
        Bitfield<7> present;
        Bitfield<11, 8> type;
        Bitfield<12> writable;
        Bitfield<13> readable;
        Bitfield<14> expandDown;
        Bitfield<15> system;
    EndBitUnion(SegAttr)

    BitUnion64(GateDescriptor)
        Bitfield<63, 48> offsetHigh; // Target Code-Segment Offset
        Bitfield<15, 0> offsetLow; // Target Code-Segment Offset
        Bitfield<31, 16> selector; // Target Code-Segment Selector
        Bitfield<47> p; // Present
        Bitfield<46, 45> dpl; // Descriptor Privilege-Level
        Bitfield<43, 40> type;
        Bitfield<36, 32> count; // Parameter Count
    EndBitUnion(GateDescriptor)

    BitUnion64(GateDescriptorLow)
        Bitfield<63, 48> offsetHigh; // Target Code-Segment Offset
        Bitfield<47> p; // Present
        Bitfield<46, 45> dpl; // Descriptor Privilege-Level
        Bitfield<43, 40> type;
        Bitfield<35, 32> IST; // IST pointer to TSS -- new stack for exception handling
        Bitfield<31, 16> selector; // Target Code-Segment Selector
        Bitfield<15, 0> offsetLow; // Target Code-Segment Offset
    EndBitUnion(GateDescriptorLow)

    BitUnion64(GateDescriptorHigh)
        Bitfield<31, 0> offset; // Target Code-Segment Offset
    EndBitUnion(GateDescriptorHigh)

    BitUnion64(GDTR)
    EndBitUnion(GDTR)

    BitUnion64(IDTR)
    EndBitUnion(IDTR)

    BitUnion64(LDTR)
    EndBitUnion(LDTR)

    BitUnion64(TR)
    EndBitUnion(TR)


    BitUnion64(LocalApicBase)
        Bitfield<51, 12> base;
        Bitfield<11> enable;
        Bitfield<8> bsp;
    EndBitUnion(LocalApicBase)
}

#endif // __ARCH_X86_INTREGS_HH__